Web Browser
A Web browser, or browser, is application software that allows users to access and view Web pages.
- The purpose of a web browser is to bring information resources to the user.
- With an Internet connection established, you start a Web browser.
- The browser retrieves and displays a starting Web page.
- Web pages provide links to other related Web pages
- Surfing the Web
- Downloading is the process of receiving information from a server on the internet
- Uploading process of transferring documents, graphics and other objects from a computer to a server on the Internet
- Some Web pages are designed specifically for micro browsers (mobile devices)
Web Address
A Web page has a unique address called a URL (Uniform Resource Locator) or Web address
A Web browser retrieves a Web page using its web address.
If you know the Web address of a Web page, you can type it in the Address bar at the top of the browser window.
Web address consists of :
- Protocol
- Domain name
- Path
- Web page name
The last component of web address not only webpage name, it can be file name.
Examples:
http://www.bankislam.biz/promote/index.htm
http://www.bankislam.biz/promote/image1.jpg
Examples:
http://www.kmph.matrik.edu.my/fizik/index.html
http:// : protocol
www.kmph.matrik.edu.my/ : domain name
fizik/ : path
index.html : web page name
Transfer Protocol
http://
- Hypertext Transfer Protocol
- A set of rules that defines how pages transfer on the Internet
https://
- Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure
- A protocol to provide an encrypted communication and secure identification of a network web server
- Often used for payment transactions on www.
ftp://
- File Transfer Protocol
- The File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard network protocol used to transfer computer files from one host to another host over a TCP-based network, such as the Internet.
Web Page Navigation
Surfing the web
- The activity of using links to explore the web
A link
- Can be text or an image.
Text links
- May be underlined and/or displayed in a color different from other text on the page
- The color of the link will change once the link has been visited.
Tab Browsing
- Most current web browsers support tabbed browsing
- Tabbed browsing allows you to open and view multiple Web pages in a single Web browser windows
Web Searching
A primary reason that people use the Web is to search for specific information, including text, pictures, music and video.
The first step in successful searching is to identify the main idea or concept in the topic about which you are seeking information
Two types of search tools:
Search Engine (keyword search)
- Finds information related to a specific topic
- Helpful in locating information for which you do not know an exact Web address or are not seeking a particular Web site.
- A search engine is helpful in locating items such as:
- A program that searches documents for specified keywords and returns a list of the documents where the keywords were found.
- Requires the users to enter a word or phrase, called search text or search query.
- Each word of the search text is known as keyword.
- Result of the search is called hits.
- Result from the search engine can be in the form of:
- web pages
- articles
- Images
- Audio
- Video and etc.
Subject Directory (directory search)
- Classifies Web Pages in an organized set of categories
- Subject directory – classifies Web pages in an organized set of categories such as sport or shopping and related subcategories.
- Examples of search tools:
1. Alta Vista,
2. Yahoo!,
3. Google,
4. Excite
- A subject directory provides categorized lists of links arranged by subject
- When click on the category link, the subject directory displays a list of subcategory links
- The disadvantage – users have difficulty deciding which categories to choose as the menus of links presented
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